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所属栏目：高中英语优质课视频
视频课题：高中英语外研版《如何通过语法教学提高书面表达能力》
教学设计、课堂实录及教案：高中英语外研版《如何通过语法教学提高书面表达能力》
《如何通过语法教学提高书面表达能力》教学设计
黑龙江省大兴安岭实验中学 关军红
一、 教学内容分析
在培养学生书面表达能力的实践过程中，如何写出一篇优秀的作文一直是我们一直关注的。 学生经常犯的词与句的错误虽然数量多，却远不如所犯的结构错误严重，信息点过多或不够、逻辑混乱、结构不严谨是造成书面表达”档次低”，词与句的错误并非都是由于不会用词或不会造句本身引起的，不知如何使用过渡语，如能将高级词汇、高级句式、过渡语恰当应用于作文当中，是本课教学要探讨的问题。 二、学情分析
中学英语书面表达字数要求不多（100词左右），开放度不高（情境已经通过中文或图片给出），因此学生对书面表达构思不够重视，轻视审题，不假思索，信手就写，甚至逐句翻译，致使作文的信息点叠加在一起，句与句之间逻辑联系不紧密，从篇章上来看作文缺乏层次和结构。产生这些问题的原因主要有如下几个：
1.心理恐惧。部分学生一见到英语写作就产生恐慌心理，特别是当看到有些情境难以用英语表达出来时，这种恐惧心理就更加“猖獗”。他们不知道写作第一步应该是谋篇，谋篇成功就会产生“胸有成竹”之感，被一个或几个单词、句式“障目”而恐惧是幼稚的。
2.轻视谋篇。认为书面表达构思简单，只要没有语言、语法错误再加上几个”漂亮”的句子就能拿高分。
3.不懂谋篇。不知道写作的主旨意图，以为写作就是要完成教师布置的任务。
三、目标分析
1.认知目标：通过分析学生书面表达过程中存在的问题，使学生了解谋篇的重要性。
2.培养谋篇习惯目标：通过两篇书面表达的实际演练，使学生养成写作前先谋篇的习惯。
3.将高级词汇、复合句、过渡语恰当运用在书面表达中 四、教学重、难点
三段式写作模式，三连素连贯模式 五、教学手段 多媒体教室、大屏幕 六、教学过程 导课：
大家想不想提高书面表达的分数？请和我们一起看VCR， 你们是否和他们有一样的问题？请我一起进入今天
《如何通过语法教学提高书面表达能力》学习，高考英语书面表达侧重考查考生的语言运用能力。书面表达是考生准确运用词汇、语法和过渡词表情达意等多面能力的反映。
我建议大家利用三段式写作模式和三要素连贯模式，
三段式写作模式是将一篇书面表达按三个段落来组织安排。三要素连贯模式是指“词、语、句”。“词”即“关键词”。“语”即文章的“连贯语、过渡词”，它像纽带一样把文章紧紧连起来，更像润滑剂，使文章衔接流畅。 下面我就从三要素连贯模式帮助同学们一起提高书面表达能力。
新课：
请看大屏幕，三要素连贯模式中的“词”——多用具体词，少用笼统词，用高级词汇，比如在形容一个人的品质时，可以说： She is nice.但是一个nice不足以具体形象地表达出一个人丰富的品质。这时可以选用generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warmhearted, easy-going等，让我们看几组图片，第一张图片“good ”，有哪些单词可以用来表述 “good ”， 生答：amazing ,pleasant, fantastic, outstanding , terrific 第二张图片，有哪些单词可以用来表述 “bad ”， 生答：awful, terrible, unpleasant
第三张图片，有哪些单词可以用来表述 “happy ”， 生答：cheerful, delighted, pleased, glad, joyful, content 第四张图片，有哪些单词可以用来表述 “pretty ”， 生答：appealing , cute, lovely, attractive, elegant 第五张图片，有哪些单词可以用来表述 “run ”， 生答：speed, hurry, jog, rush , race, dash, flee 第六张图片，有哪些单词可以用来表述 “look ”，
生答：gaze , examine, glance, view, observe, watch, inspect, notice 请和我一起来看短语的多样化
I want it. = I am looking forward to it . I can’t bear it .= I can’t put up with it .
I like flying kites. = I am fond of/crazy about flying kites.
Many houses are being built.= Many houses are under construction.
The small group has five people.= The small group consists of five people.
He didn’t listen to what I said in class.= He turned a deaf ear to what I said in class.
He used all his spare time to practise it .= he made full use of all his spare time to practise it .
The little boy looked at the picture on the wall. =The little boy fixed his eyes upon the picture on the wall.
I would appreciate it if you could consider my ideas. = I would appreciate it if you could take my ideas into consideration.
书面表达要想得高分就需要做到用新颖的词汇传达最通俗的信息。要有意识地强化“复杂”“高级”这两个概念，充分显示自己的实力。
He is the man who participated in the exhibition with you yesterday. participate in 代替take part in
I finally managed to obtain a copy of the report. obtain 代替get
She shouted at the top of her voice, “I have made it .” make it 代替succeed
What matters most in learning English is enough practice. matter代替be important
The summer vacation is around the corner. around the corner /at hand 代替 coming soon
Some students think that they should set aside some of their pocket money for books. set aside 代替save
All the students are expected to have a good command of a foreign language.
have a good command of 代替be good at
Freda knew that she would not win; nevertheless , she went on trying. nevertheless 代替however
The poor weather may have accounted for the small crowd. account for 代替explain
She worked hard at her lessons and as a consequence got high marks. as a consequence 代替as a result 第二部分 三要素中的“句” 先复习五大基本句型 S+V主谓 S+V+O主谓 S+L+P主系表
S+V+IO+DO主谓间宾+直宾 S+V+O+C主谓宾+宾补
句子是文章的基本单位。要吸引阅卷老师的眼球，就需要使句子生动，使文章的语言充满层次感。要想写出生动的句子就必须做到：灵活使用多样句式；善用形象化语言；恰当使用英语习语。 1、
使用强调句Those who like reading extensively say we get our knowledge through reading. =
Those who like reading extensively say it is through reading that we get our knowledge. 2 使用倒装句
The library is to the east of the teaching building. =
East of the teaching building is the library. Although we are tired, we are happy. =
Tired as we are, we are happy. 3 使用虚拟语气
Obviously, it is high time for us to take some measures to solve the problem. =
Obviously , it is high time we took some measures to solve the problem.
We have done the work well with your help. =
Without your help, we could not have done the work well. 4使用with的复合结构
With the sun lighting brightly and the birds singing clearly, I went to school in high spirits. 5 使用独立主格
Weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills.
The boy not knowing what to do , we had to lend a hand to him. 6 使用非谓语动词
7 使用非谓语动词简化复合句
(1)When the airport is completed next year, it will help promote tourism in this area. =
The airport to be completed next year will help promote tourism in this area. (2)
Because I was amazed at how skillful they were, I determined to be just as good as them.
Amazed at how skillful they were, I determined to be just as good as them. (3)
When I saw a car running towards her, I reached my hand out and pulled her back.
Seeing a car running towards her, I reached my hand out and
pulled her back. 8使用谚语，画龙点睛
As the old saying goes, “Practice makes perfect.”
There is a proverb that goes,“An inch of time is worth an inch of gold.”
9使用句子间的转换，丰富内涵 简单句转换成名词性从句。 It is just the thing. I want it. =It is just what I want. 简单句转换成定语从句。
Some students are interested in this activity. They are welcome to take part.
Students who are interested in this activity are welcome to take part.
简单句转换成状语从句。
The final exam is around the corner. I decided to stay at home to go over my lessons.
As the final exam is around the corner, I decided to stay at home to go over my lessons. 同义句的转换
As is known to all, China is a developing country. =It is known to all that China is a developing country.
=We all know that China is a developing country.
=What is known to all is that China is a developing country. =We all know the fact that China is a developing country.
第三部分 三要素中的“语” 表示段落起始的过渡词语
To begin with, first of all, in the first place, as you know, as is known to us all , as is shown in 表示段落结尾的过渡语
Therefore , thus, in conclusion , in brief , to sum up, in a word, generally speaking, on the whole 表示因果关系的过渡词语
Accordingly , consequently, for this reason, as a result of , in this way , due to , thanks to, therefore , thus, because of 表示比较和对比的过渡语
In contrast with, similarly, likewise, on the contrary , different from, on the other hand 表示举例的过渡语
a case in point, that is to say, for instance , for example 表示强调的过渡语
Furthermore, moreover, besides, in fact, also, indeed, in particular, naturally 题：
My experience in the English speech contest last October is a case in point.
我去年十月参加英语演讲比赛的经历便是一个恰当的例子。 10 Summary 2015年高考书面表达
11 Show a student’s handwriting 12 Homework
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