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视频标签：阅读理解专项训练,猜测词义
所属栏目：高中英语优质课视频
视频课题：人教版高中英语选修九Unit3 Learning about Language（Period 2）阅读理解专项训练之猜测词义_广东省优课
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人教版高中英语选修九Unit3 Learning about Language（Period 2） 阅读理解专项训练之猜测词义_广东省优课
人教版高中英语 选修九 Unit3 Learning about Language（Period 2）
阅读理解专项训练之猜测词义
教学设计
一、教学目标 （一）知识与技能：
1. 熟知并掌握猜测词义题目的设问方式： （1）What does the underlined word “…” refer to? （2）The underlined phrase “…” is closest in meaning to
_____.
（3）The underlined word “…” means _____.
（4）Which of the following can replace the underlined
phrase “…”?
2. 掌握并运用解题技巧来完成猜测词义的阅读任务： （1）根据上下文语境推测出词汇的意义。 （2）根据上下文逻辑关系推测出词汇的意义。 （A）通过定义或解释猜测词义：用于下定义或解释的单词或短语有or, mean, in other words, be defined as, be described as, be seen as, refer to, that is, that is to say等。有
些定义或解释是通过破折号、冒号、括号、同位语（从句）或定语从句来表示的。
（B）通过所举例子猜测词义：用于举例的单词或短语有like, including, such as, for example, for instance等。 （C）通过对比关系猜测词义：用于表示对比关系的单词或短语有but, however, although, while, yet, unlike, even though, in contrast to, instead of, in spite of, on the other hand等。
（D）通过类比关系猜测词义：用于表示类比关系的单词或短语有similarly, in the same way等。
（E）通过因果关系猜测词义：用于表示因果关系的单词或短语有so, because, so that等。有些因果关系是通过非谓语动词/短语来表示的。 （二）过程与方法：
1. 通过课件展示，让学生了解并掌握相关知识； 2. 通过举例讲解，让学生更好地理解学案内容； 3. 通过分组活动，让学生充分交流答题过程的经验； 4. 通过学生分享答题过程，提高学生的解题分析能力。 （三）情感与价值观：
培养学生在答题时养成关注问题设问的关键词，关注文本的行文类型，分析文章语境和上下文的逻辑关系的习惯，并鼓励学生自主学习，交流合作，分享经验成果，以达到互帮互助，以优带劣，共同进步的目的。 二、教学重难点 （一）教学重点：
1. 让学生理解语境的重要性； 2. 总结猜测词义题的解题思路； 3. 培养学生解答题目的分析能力。 （二）教学难点:
1. 对各种逻辑关系的判断; 2. 培养学生解答题目的分析能力。 三、教学过程 （一）引入课题：
阅读理解专项训练之猜测词义是高考阅读理解篇章里必考的题目类型。而且，目前班里还有相当部分同学碰到这样的类型题，基本上逢考必错。因此，有必要将其作为一个专项来整理学习。本节课的重点在于总结这类题目的答题技巧。
【设计意图】引起学生们对此类题目的重视，交代本节课的教学目的和重点难点。
（二）讲解猜测词义题目的设问方式： 1. What does the underlined word “…” refer to?
2. The underlined phrase “…” is closest in meaning to _____.
3. The underlined word “…” means _____.
4. Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase “…”?
【设计意图】让学生们知道猜测词义类题目的基本设问方式，并对其中的关键词underlined, refer to, phrase, is close to, replace等加强记忆巩固。
（三）介绍语境的重要性和讲解语境猜词的技巧 1. 举一个语文的例子：“辽阔”一词是“无边无际的”，所以一般不说“辽阔的音乐厅”。但是在以下句子中“听听，走进秋，走进这辽阔的音乐厅，你好好地去听秋的声音。”作者把大自然的秋天比喻为音乐厅，“辽阔的音乐厅” 事实上是在讲“辽阔的大自然”，所以，在这个特定的语境中，“辽阔的音乐厅”就变得合情合理。
2. 完成两道语境猜词题：
Yesterday, an avalanche buried a group of visitors who were skiing on the hillside.
He didn’t attend the important meeting because he must attend his mother at home. He shows the virtue of filial piety. 【设计意图】通过语文例子，深入浅出地让学生了解语境的重要性：语境是个神奇的东西，它能让不可能的事情变成可能。再通过两道语境猜词题，让学生感受用语境猜词的过程。
（四）分组讨论并分享答题过程：
1. 给出5分钟时间让学生讨论学案中三道语境猜词题的解答过程。
2. 让小组代表发言，分享学案中三道语境猜词题的解答过程。
【设计意图】让学生们学会自主合作探究的学习模式，培养他们解答题目的分析能力，分析能力提升了，正确率也会成正比提升。
（五）介绍五种逻辑关系和讲解逻辑猜词的技巧： 1. 五种逻辑关系分别是下定义/解释、举例子、对比、类
比、因果关系，指出各种逻辑关系在文中可能出现的关键词并加以分析讲解。
2. 通过两个句子重点讲解非谓语动词或短语表因果关系：
To get up early tomorrow morning, I have to go to bed now. Getting up too late, he had no time to have breakfast. 【设计意图】让学生们理解文章可能出现的各种逻辑关系以及掌握对各种逻辑关系的判断能力，以此巩固他们通过逻辑关系猜词的技巧。 （六）分组讨论并分享答题过程：
1.给出5分钟时间让学生讨论学案中六道逻辑猜词题的解答过程。
2.让小组代表发言，分享学案中六道逻辑猜词题的解答过程。
【设计意图】让学生们学会自主合作探究的学习模式，培养他们解答题目的分析能力，分析能力提升了，正确率也会成正比提升。 （七）总结：
猜词不可怕，语境牢牢套。逻辑来帮忙，意义自明了。
词量要够大，选项能看懂。不懂不用慌，褒中贬里挑。
【设计意图】通过用简洁明了的语言，巩固学生本节课
所学的猜词技巧。 （八）作业布置：
复习猜词技巧和完成课后练习。
【设计意图】通过课后复习和练习巩固本节课所学知识。
阅读理解专项训练之猜测词义（学案）
班级_________ 姓名____________ 座号__________
一、词义猜测题常见的设问方式
1. What does the underlined word “…” refer to?
2. The underlined phrase “…” is closest in meaning to _____.
3. The underlined word “…” means _____.
4. Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase “…”?
二、词义猜测题解题技巧
（一）根据上下文语境推测出词汇的意义。
试一试：
1. Yesterday, an avalanche buried a group of visitors who were skiing on the hillside.
请把句子翻译成中文：________________________________________
根据句子意思，你猜测划线词含义为：________________
2. He didn’t attend the important meeting because he must attend his mother at home. He shows the virtue of filial piety.
请把句子翻译成中文：_______________________________________
根据句子意思，你猜测划线词含义为：________________
A
Some men, either out of nervousness or ignorance, spend most of the time talking about themselves, often appearing to brag about their achievements or talk endlessly about their problems or work. Even the quietest man talks to his woman when love is new.
3. Which of the following can replace the underlined part “brag about”?
A. Show off. B. Dream about. C. Put forward. D. Care for.
B
One day while shopping in a small town in southern California, it was my misfortune to be approached by a clerk whose personality conflicted with mine. He seemed most unfriendly and not at all concerned about my intended purchase. I bought nothing, and marched angrily out of the store. My hostility toward that clerk increased with each step.
4. The underlined word “hostility” probably means ______.
A. attitude B. hatred C. idea D. opinion
C
Next, could we really clone extinct animals? In theory? Yes. To do this, you need a well-kept source of DNA from the extinct animals such as wool mammoth(毛象)，Tasmanian tiger, or even dinosaur, and a closely related species, still living, which could serve as a surrogate mother.
5. The underlined words “a surrogate mother” probably refer to a female who _______.
A. gives birth to a baby of its own B. cannot give birth to a baby
C. gives birth to a baby for another female D. provides DNA
（二）根据上下文逻辑关系推测出词汇的意义。
1. 通过定义或解释猜测词义：用于下定义或解释的单词或短语有or, mean, in other words, be defined as, be described as, be seen as, refer to, that is, that is to say等。有些定义或解释是通过破折号、冒号、括号、同位语（从句）或定语从句来表示的。
2. 通过所举例子猜测词义：用于举例的单词或短语有like, including, such as, for example, for instance等。
3. 通过对比关系猜测词义：用于表示对比关系的单词或短语有but, however, although, while, yet, unlike, even though, in contrast to, instead of, in spite of, on the other hand等。
4. 通过类比关系猜测词义：用于表示类比关系的单词或短语有similarly, in the same way等。
5. 通过因果关系猜测词义：用于表示因果关系的单词或短语有so, because, so that等。有些因果关系是通过非谓语动词/短语来表示的。
试一试：
A
The Cuban iguana(古巴蜥蜴) is primarily herbivorous; 95% of its diet consists of the leaves, flowers and fruits from as many as 30 plant species, including the seaside rock bush and various grasses.
1. The underlined word “herbivorous” probably means _______.
A. dangerous B. gentle C. plant-eating D. flesh-eating
B
Black Friday has become somewhat of a marketing sensation in recent years. Since 2005, it has been the busiest shopping day of the year. To lure shoppers, retailers(零售商) routinely open their doors as early as 4 a.m. and offer special sales and promotions to the shoppers that arrive early. Some of the special deals offered by stores are only available in limited quantities. That is why some shoppers intent on getting the best deals often camp out in front of stores overnight so that they’ll be the first in line when the doors open.
2. The underlined word “lure” probably means ________.
A. protect B. attract C. persuade D. remind
C
When the sculptor(雕刻家) Auguste Rodin was young, he had difficulty learning to read and write. Today, we may say he had a learning disability. His father said of him, “I have an idiot(白痴) for a son.” His uncle agreed. “He’s uneducable,” he said.
3. What’s the meaning of the underlined sentence “He is uneducable”?
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